Complete vs. Ratio Raw Diets for Dogs

Feeding raw has become a popular choice among dog owners who want to provide a fresh, whole-food diet for their pets. Two of the most common approaches are complete and balanced raw diets and ratio raw diets. While both rely on fresh ingredients, they differ in how they meet your dog’s nutritional needs.

What is a Complete and Balanced Raw Diet?

A complete and balanced raw diet is formulated to meet established nutritional standards, such as those outlined by AAFCO (Association of American Feed Control Officials) or NRC (National Research Council). These diets are carefully designed to provide all the essential macronutrients (protein, fat, carbohydrates) and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) in the right amounts for your dog’s life stage.

Complete and balanced raw diets often include:

• A variety of proteins

• Organ meats

• Ground bone or other calcium sources

• Fruits and vegetables

• Added vitamins and minerals (if needed)

The advantage of feeding this type of raw diet is peace of mind, you know your dog is getting the nutrients they need without having to calculate ratios or add supplements yourself.

What is a Ratio Raw Diet?

A ratio raw diet (also called “prey model raw”) follows a simple formula, often around:

• 80% muscle meat

• 10% bone

• 10% organ (with about 5% being liver)

Some versions also include small amounts of fruits and vegetables, while others use strictly animal-based ingredients.

Ratio diets are appealing because they are simple and mimic what dogs might eat in the wild. However, they don’t always provide a complete and balanced diet. Without careful planning, essential nutrients may be missing.

Common Missing Nutrients in Ratio Raw Diets

Several nutrients are often missing or imbalanced in ratio raw diets, but these gaps can be filled with the right food and supplements.

• Manganese - Essential for joints and bones. Add blue mussels, ground pumpkin seeds, or a manganese supplement.

• Zinc - Supports skin, coat, and immunity. Feed oysters, beef, or a zinc supplement.

• Vitamin D - Important for bones and calcium balance. Include whole oily fish like sardines or mackerel.

• Vitamin E - A natural antioxidant. Add ground sunflower seeds, wheat germ oil, or a vitamin E supplement.

• Iodine - Needed for thyroid health. Use a measured amount of kelp powder (too much can be harmful).

• Omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) - Reduce inflammation and support skin, joint, and brain health. Add whole oily fish or fish oil.

• Calcium/phosphorus balance - Critical for skeletal health. Ensure bone makes up about 10% of the diet or add ground eggshell or a calcium supplement if feeding boneless meat.

Conclusion

Complete and balanced raw diets are designed to provide all essential nutrients in the right amounts, making them the best choice for dog owners who want convenience and confidence that their pet’s diet supports long-term health. Ratio raw diets are often missing essential nutrients, so if you prefer their simplicity, it’s important to fill those gaps with the right foods and supplements to avoid deficiencies over time.